Red eye, also known as conjunctival injection, is a common eye condition characterized by the appearance of red or pinkish discoloration of the white part of the eye (sclera) and the inner surface of the eyelids (conjunctiva). There are several potential causes of red eye, ranging from minor irritations to more serious underlying conditions. Here are some common causes:
Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Inflammation of the conjunctiva, often caused by viruses, bacteria, allergens, or irritants. Symptoms may include redness, itching, tearing, discharge, and discomfort.
Subconjunctival Hemorrhage: The sudden appearance of a bright red patch on the white of the eye due to a burst blood vessel. It is usually painless and can occur after activities that increase eye pressure, such as sneezing, coughing, or rubbing the eye.
Dry Eye Syndrome: Insufficient tear production or poor tear quality can lead to eye irritation, redness, and a gritty sensation.
Foreign Body: The presence of a foreign object, such as dust, debris, or an eyelash, in the eye can cause redness and discomfort.
Allergies: Allergic reactions to pollen, pet dander, dust mites, or other allergens can cause redness, itching, and tearing.
Contact Lens Wear: Irritation from improperly fitting or contaminated contact lenses can lead to redness and discomfort.
Environmental Irritants: Exposure to smoke, pollutants, or other irritants can cause eye redness.
Digital Eye Strain: Prolonged use of digital devices can lead to eye strain, dryness, and redness.
Irritation from Eye Drops: Some eye drops or medications can cause temporary redness or irritation.
Blepharitis: Inflammation of the eyelids, often due to bacterial infection, can lead to redness, swelling, and discomfort.
Corneal Abrasion: A scratch or injury to the cornea can cause redness, pain, and sensitivity to light.
Uveitis: Inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye, can lead to redness, pain, and decreased vision.
Glaucoma: Acute angle-closure glaucoma can cause sudden redness, pain, and vision changes.
Episcleritis: Inflammation of the episclera, a thin layer between the conjunctiva and the sclera, can cause localized redness and discomfort.
Iritis: Inflammation of the iris can lead to redness, pain, and sensitivity to light.
It's important to note that these are general causes of red eye, and a proper diagnosis should be made by an eye care professional. If you experience persistent redness, discomfort, changes in vision, or other concerning symptoms, it's recommended to seek prompt evaluation and appropriate treatment.
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